The morning of November 1, 1755, dawned with deceptive tranquility over Lisbon. The Portuguese capital stirred awake as church bells rang for All Saints’ Day, a solemn Christian holiday that drew thousands into cathedrals and chapels across the city. Families dressed in their finest clothes, candles flickered in prayerful devotion, and the cobblestone streets buzzed …
On November 1, 1765, the American colonies awoke to a new reality. What had once seemed like a distant rumble of imperial authority suddenly thundered into daily life with the arrival of the Stamp Act, a law passed by the British Parliament that required nearly every piece of paper in the colonies to bear a …
On November 1, 1952, before dawn broke across the Pacific, a new kind of sun was born — one not crafted by nature but by human hands. On a tiny speck of land known as Eniwetok Atoll, part of the Marshall Islands, the United States detonated the first hydrogen bomb, code-named “Ivy Mike.” It was …
